{"id":83773,"date":"2012-04-26T22:53:49","date_gmt":"2012-04-27T04:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/uncategorized\/hyperemesis-gravidarum\/"},"modified":"2026-06-05T09:43:49","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T15:43:49","slug":"hyperemesis-gravidarum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/hyperemesis-gravidarum\/","title":{"rendered":"Hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Signos, s\u00edntomas y tratamiento<\/h2>\n<p>La <strong>hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica<\/strong> es una afecci\u00f3n caracterizada por <a title=\"N\u00e1useas durante el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/nausea-during-pregnancy\/\">n\u00e1useas<\/a> intensas, <a title=\"V\u00f3mitos durante el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/vomiting-during-pregnancy\/\">v\u00f3mitos<\/a>, p\u00e9rdida de peso y alteraciones electrol\u00edticas. Los casos leves se tratan con cambios en la dieta, descanso y <a title=\"TUMS durante el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/tums-during-pregnancy\/\">anti\u00e1cidos<\/a>. Los casos m\u00e1s graves suelen requerir ingreso hospitalario para que la madre pueda recibir l\u00edquidos y nutrici\u00f3n por v\u00eda intravenosa (IV). NO tome ning\u00fan <a title=\"Medicaci\u00f3n\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/medication\/\">medicamento<\/a> para solucionar este problema sin consultar primero con su profesional sanitario.   <\/p>\n<a style=\"cursor: pointer; color: #fff\" class=\"post_video_btn\">Watch Video<\/a>\n<h3>\u00bfQu\u00e9 causa unas n\u00e1useas tan intensas?<\/h3>\n<p>La mayor\u00eda de las mujeres embarazadas experimenta alg\u00fan tipo de <a title=\"Malestar matutino\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/morning-sickness-during-pregnancy\/\">n\u00e1useas matutinas<\/a> (70-80 %). Estudios recientes muestran que se notifican al menos 60.000 casos de n\u00e1useas matutinas extremas, denominadas <em>hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica (HG) <\/em>, en mujeres tratadas en un hospital, pero se espera que las cifras sean mucho m\u00e1s altas, ya que muchas mujeres reciben tratamiento en casa o de forma ambulatoria con su profesional sanitario.<br \/>\nSe cree que estas <a href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/nausea-during-pregnancy\/\">n\u00e1useas intensas<\/a> se deben a un aumento de los niveles hormonales; sin embargo, la causa exacta sigue siendo desconocida. Los s\u00edntomas de la HG suelen aparecer entre las semanas 4 y 6 de embarazo y pueden alcanzar su punto m\u00e1ximo entre las semanas 9 y 13. La mayor\u00eda de las mujeres experimenta cierto alivio entre las semanas 14 y 20, aunque hasta el 20 % puede necesitar atenci\u00f3n por hiper\u00e9mesis durante el resto del embarazo. No se conoce ninguna forma de prevenir la hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica, pero puede consolarse sabiendo que existen maneras de controlarla.    <\/p>\n<h3>Diferenciar entre las n\u00e1useas matutinas y la hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica:<\/h3>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"closebullets\">\n<td class=\"pcentered\"><strong>N\u00e1useas matutinas:<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"pcentered\"><strong>Hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"closebullets\">\n<td>N\u00e1useas <em>a veces<\/em> acompa\u00f1adas de v\u00f3mitos<\/td>\n<td>N\u00e1useas acompa\u00f1adas de v\u00f3mitos <em>intensos<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"closebullets\">\n<td>N\u00e1useas que remiten a las 12 semanas o poco despu\u00e9s<\/td>\n<td>N\u00e1useas que <em>no<\/em> remiten<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"closebullets\">\n<td>V\u00f3mitos que <em>no<\/em> causan deshidrataci\u00f3n grave<\/td>\n<td>V\u00f3mitos que causan deshidrataci\u00f3n grave<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"closebullets\">\n<td>V\u00f3mitos que le permiten retener algo de comida<\/td>\n<td>V\u00f3mitos que <em>no<\/em> le permiten retener ninguna comida\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Signos y s\u00edntomas de la hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00e1useas y v\u00f3mitos intensos<\/li>\n<li>Aversi\u00f3n a ciertos alimentos<\/li>\n<li>P\u00e9rdida de peso del 5 % o m\u00e1s del peso previo al embarazo<\/li>\n<li>Disminuci\u00f3n de la micci\u00f3n<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Deshidrataci\u00f3n durante el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/deshidratacion-durante-el-embarazo\/\">Deshidrataci\u00f3n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"El embarazo y los dolores de cabeza\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/dolores-de-cabeza-durante-el-embarazo\/\">Dolores de cabeza<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Confusi\u00f3n<\/li>\n<li>Desmayo<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Ictericia neonatal\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/first-year-of-life\/newborn-jaundice\/\">Ictericia<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Fatiga durante el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/fatigue-during-pregnancy\/\">Fatiga extrema<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Presi\u00f3n arterial baja<\/li>\n<li>Frecuencia card\u00edaca r\u00e1pida<\/li>\n<li>P\u00e9rdida de elasticidad de la piel<\/li>\n<li>Ansiedad\/<a title=\"Depresi\u00f3n en el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/depression-during-pregnancy\/\">depresi\u00f3n<\/a> secundaria<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00bfCu\u00e1les son los tratamientos para la hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica?<\/h3>\n<p>En algunos casos, la hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica es tan grave que puede requerir hospitalizaci\u00f3n.<br \/>\n<strong>El tratamiento hospitalario puede incluir algunos o todos los siguientes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"closebullets\"><strong>L\u00edquidos intravenosos (IV)<\/strong> \u2013 para restablecer la hidrataci\u00f3n, los electrolitos, las vitaminas y los nutrientes<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"closebullets\">Alimentaci\u00f3n por sonda: <\/span>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"closebullets\"><strong>Nasog\u00e1strica<\/strong> \u2013 restablece los nutrientes mediante una sonda que pasa por la nariz y llega al est\u00f3mago<\/li>\n<li class=\"closebullets\"><strong>Gastrostom\u00eda endosc\u00f3pica percut\u00e1nea<\/strong> \u2013 restablece los nutrientes mediante una sonda que pasa a trav\u00e9s del abdomen y llega al est\u00f3mago; requiere un procedimiento quir\u00fargico<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"closebullets\"><strong>Medicamentos<\/strong> \u2013 metoclopramida, antihistam\u00ednicos y medicamentos antirreflujo*<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Otros tratamientos pueden incluir:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a title=\"Reposo en cama\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/pregnancy-complications\/bed-rest\/\">Reposo en cama<\/a><\/strong> \u2013Esto puede proporcionar alivio, pero tenga cuidado y sea consciente de los efectos de la p\u00e9rdida de masa muscular y de peso debido a demasiado <a title=\"Reposo en cama\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/pregnancy-complications\/bed-rest\/\">reposo en cama<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acupresi\u00f3n<\/strong> \u2013 El punto de presi\u00f3n para reducir las n\u00e1useas se encuentra en el centro de la parte interna de la mu\u00f1eca, a tres dedos del pliegue de la mu\u00f1eca y entre los dos tendones. Local\u00edcelo y presione con firmeza, una mu\u00f1eca cada vez, durante tres minutos. Las pulseras Sea-Band tambi\u00e9n ayudan con la acupresi\u00f3n y se pueden encontrar en su farmacia local.  <\/li>\n<li><strong><a title=\"Hierbas y embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/herbs-and-pregnancy\/\">Hierbas<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 jengibre o menta<\/li>\n<li>Los remedios homeop\u00e1ticos son un sistema no t\u00f3xico de medicamentos. No intente automedicarse con m\u00e9todos homeop\u00e1ticos; haga que un m\u00e9dico le prescriba el remedio y la dosis adecuados. <\/li>\n<li>Hipnosis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>* En lo que respecta a los medicamentos, es muy importante que sopese los riesgos y los beneficios. Algunos f\u00e1rmacos pueden tener efectos adversos en usted o en el desarrollo de su beb\u00e9. Comente con su profesional sanitario los riesgos y los efectos secundarios de cada f\u00e1rmaco.  <\/em><\/p>\n<h3>\u00bfD\u00f3nde puedo obtener m\u00e1s ayuda?<\/h3>\n<p>Para obtener m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre la hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica, puede acudir a la <a title=\"Fundaci\u00f3n HER (Hyperemesis Education &#038; Research)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hyperemesis.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fundaci\u00f3n HER (Hyperemesis Education &#038; Research).<\/a><br \/>\nConsulte este libro sobre las n\u00e1useas matutinas para obtener consejos \u00fatiles para combatir esas sensaciones de malestar y n\u00e1useas.<\/p>\n<dl>\n<dt><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/0312284896\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;camp=1789&#038;creative=9325&#038;creativeASIN=0312284896&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;tag=americanpregn-20&#038;linkId=15b297325b089d051ae6c396240332d3\" data-wp-editing=\"1\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-68133\" src=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/morning-sickness-companion-197x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"197\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/morning-sickness-companion-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/morning-sickness-companion-150x228.jpg 150w, https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/morning-sickness-companion.jpg 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/0312284896\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;camp=1789&#038;creative=9325&#038;creativeASIN=0312284896&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;tag=americanpregn-20&#038;linkId=15b297325b089d051ae6c396240332d3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Morning Sickness Companion<\/a> &#8211; Elizabeth Kaledin<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<p>Su compra apoya a la APA.<\/p>\n<style>.codegena{position:relative;width:100%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.27198%;margin:30px auto 20px;}.codegena iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"codegena\" id=\"watch-video\"><iframe width=\"500\" height=\"294\" data-cookieconsent=\"estad\u00edsticas, marketing\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/W-lHBhSZ7zU?&theme=dark&autohide=2&rel=0\"frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><div class=\"cookieconsent-optout-statistics cookieconsent-optout-marketing\"><\/div><\/div><div style=\"font-size: 0.8em\"><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"citation-date\">\u00bfDesea saber m\u00e1s?<\/h4>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/womens-health\/morning-sickness-relief\/\">Alivio de las n\u00e1useas matutinas<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/home-page-featured\/7-common-discomforts-pregnancy\/\">7 molestias comunes del embarazo<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>Elaborado con informaci\u00f3n de las siguientes fuentes:<\/strong><br \/>\nWilliams Obstetrics, 22.\u00aa ed. Cunningham, F. Gary, et al., cap. 49.<br \/>\nFundaci\u00f3n HER, <a title=\"Fundaci\u00f3n HER\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hyperemesis.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.hyperemesis.org<\/a>  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Signos, s\u00edntomas y tratamiento La hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica es una afecci\u00f3n caracterizada por n\u00e1useas intensas, v\u00f3mitos, p\u00e9rdida de peso y alteraciones electrol\u00edticas. Los casos leves se tratan con cambios en la dieta, descanso y anti\u00e1cidos. Los casos m\u00e1s graves suelen requerir ingreso hospitalario para que la madre pueda recibir l\u00edquidos y nutrici\u00f3n por v\u00eda intravenosa (IV). [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":83774,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7629,7640,8610],"tags":[],"faq-categories":[8401],"class_list":["post-83773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pregnancy","category-pregnancy-complications","category-complicaciones-y-preocupaciones","faq-categories-no-faq"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hiper\u00e9mesis grav\u00eddica | Signos, s\u00edntomas y tratamiento<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La hiper\u00e9mesis en el embarazo puede ser una forma grave de n\u00e1useas matutinas que afecta a algunas mujeres embarazadas. 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