{"id":83673,"date":"2017-06-07T20:40:42","date_gmt":"2017-06-08T02:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/uncategorized\/birth-control-pills\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T01:49:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T07:49:00","slug":"birth-control-pills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/unplanned-pregnancy\/birth-control-pills\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00edldoras anticonceptivas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas, tambi\u00e9n llamadas anticonceptivos orales, utilizan hormonas sint\u00e9ticas para prevenir el embarazo.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00bfCu\u00e1les son los diferentes tipos de p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>La minip\u00edldora<\/strong> contiene solo progest\u00e1geno. En cada envase, todas las p\u00edldoras contienen la misma cantidad de progest\u00e1geno y todas son activas. La dosis de progest\u00e1geno en una minip\u00edldora es menor que la dosis de progest\u00e1geno en cualquier p\u00edldora combinada.  <\/li>\n<li><strong>Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas combinadas<\/strong> contienen tanto estr\u00f3geno como progest\u00e1geno. Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas combinadas vienen en diferentes combinaciones de p\u00edldoras activas e inactivas, seg\u00fan la frecuencia con la que desee tener la menstruaci\u00f3n:\n<ul>\n<li>Los envases convencionales suelen contener 21 p\u00edldoras activas y siete inactivas, o 24 p\u00edldoras activas y cuatro inactivas. El sangrado se produce cada mes cuando toma las p\u00edldoras inactivas. <\/li>\n<li>Los envases de dosificaci\u00f3n continua o de ciclo extendido suelen contener 84 p\u00edldoras activas y siete inactivas. Por lo general, el sangrado se produce solo cuatro veces al a\u00f1o, durante el periodo en que toma las p\u00edldoras inactivas. Hay formulaciones que contienen solo p\u00edldoras activas.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La mayor\u00eda de las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas combinadas contienen de 10 a 35 microgramos de etinilestradiol, un tipo de estr\u00f3geno. Las mujeres sensibles a las hormonas pueden beneficiarse de tomar una p\u00edldora que contenga una dosis de estr\u00f3geno en el extremo inferior de este rango. Sin embargo, las p\u00edldoras de dosis baja pueden provocar m\u00e1s sangrado intermenstrual \u2014sangrado o manchado entre periodos\u2014 que las p\u00edldoras de dosis m\u00e1s alta.  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>La p\u00edldora de ciclo extendido<\/strong> es una p\u00edldora combinada que reduce el n\u00famero de menstruaciones de 13 al a\u00f1o a solo cuatro al a\u00f1o. Eso significa que quien toma esta p\u00edldora menstruar\u00e1 solo una vez por estaci\u00f3n. Utiliza una combinaci\u00f3n de dos hormonas que se emplean habitualmente en otros anticonceptivos hormonales. Pero la p\u00edldora se toma de forma continua durante 12 semanas, seguida de 1 semana de p\u00edldoras inactivas, lo que da lugar a un ciclo menstrual.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00bfC\u00f3mo funcionan los diferentes tipos de p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas?<\/h3>\n<p>Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas combinadas evitan que los ovarios liberen un \u00f3vulo. Tambi\u00e9n ralentizan el avance del \u00f3vulo por las trompas de Falopio, espesan el moco cervical y adelgazan el revestimiento del \u00fatero (endometrio). Estas acciones ayudan a impedir que los espermatozoides fecunden el \u00f3vulo.  <\/p>\n<p>Las p\u00edldoras combinadas son monof\u00e1sicas (una fase) o multif\u00e1sicas (muchas fases). Ambas son igual de eficaces para prevenir un embarazo.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Las p\u00edldoras monof\u00e1sicas proporcionan un nivel uniforme de hormonas durante todo el mes.<\/li>\n<li>Las multif\u00e1sicas tienen niveles de hormonas ligeramente diferentes en las p\u00edldoras activas. Imitan los cambios hormonales normales que se producen durante su <a href=\"https:\/\/teens.webmd.com\/girls\/all-about-menstruation\" data-crosslink-type=\"article\" data-metrics-link=\"\">ciclo menstrual<\/a>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La minip\u00edldora ralentiza el avance del \u00f3vulo por las trompas de Falopio, espesa el moco cervical y adelgaza el endometrio. Esto evita que los espermatozoides lleguen al \u00f3vulo. A veces, la minip\u00edldora tambi\u00e9n suprime la ovulaci\u00f3n.  <\/p>\n<h3>\u00bfCu\u00e1les son los efectos secundarios de las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas?<\/h3>\n<p>Existen efectos secundarios de las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas, aunque la mayor\u00eda no son graves:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00e1useas<\/li>\n<li>Dolor o hinchaz\u00f3n en los senos<\/li>\n<li>Peque\u00f1as cantidades de sangre, o manchado, entre periodos<\/li>\n<li>Menstruaciones m\u00e1s ligeras<\/li>\n<li>Cambios de humor<\/li>\n<li>Dolor de cabeza leve<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurre si olvido tomar mi p\u00edldora anticonceptiva?<\/h3>\n<p>Si olvida tomar algunas de las p\u00edldoras, tendr\u00e1 sangrado menstrual en momentos irregulares y aumenta la probabilidad de embarazo. Cuando olvide tomar una p\u00edldora, t\u00f3mela en cuanto pueda. Tome la siguiente p\u00edldora a la hora habitual. Si olvida tomar dos o m\u00e1s p\u00edldoras seguidas, debe abstenerse de mantener relaciones sexuales o utilizar un m\u00e9todo anticonceptivo de respaldo. Tambi\u00e9n debe consultar con su profesional sanitario qu\u00e9 hacer a continuaci\u00f3n.    <\/p>\n<h3>\u00bfQu\u00e9 eficacia tiene la p\u00edldora?<\/h3>\n<p>Si se toman todos los d\u00edas a la misma hora y se empieza cada envase a tiempo, los anticonceptivos orales son <strong>eficaces en un 99%<\/strong> para prevenir el embarazo. De media, los anticonceptivos orales son <strong>eficaces en un 93-97%<\/strong> porque a menudo las mujeres se olvidan de tomar p\u00edldoras o no empiezan un nuevo envase a tiempo. P\u00f3ngase en contacto con su profesional sanitario si presenta alg\u00fan <a title=\"S\u00edntomas del embarazo \u2014 Signos tempranos del embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/getting-pregnant\/early-pregnancy-symptoms\/\">s\u00edntoma de embarazo<\/a>.  <\/p>\n<h3 id=\"091e9c5e80007763-3-10\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 son el levonorgestrel y el ulipristal?<\/h3>\n<p>A diferencia de las otras p\u00edldoras, estas no est\u00e1n pensadas para el control anticonceptivo habitual. El levonorgestrel (Fallback Solo, Next Choice One Dose, Opcicon One-Step, Plan B One-Step) y el acetato de ulipristal (Ella) pueden reducir en gran medida sus probabilidades de quedarse embarazada si ha tenido relaciones sexuales sin protecci\u00f3n o si le preocupa que su m\u00e9todo anticonceptivo habitual no haya funcionado. <\/p>\n<p>El levonorgestrel es eficaz en torno al 88% si se utiliza seg\u00fan las indicaciones. Debe tomarlo lo antes posible, dentro de los 3 d\u00edas posteriores a haber mantenido relaciones sexuales. <\/p>\n<p>El ulipristal es eficaz en torno al 60% al 70% si se utiliza correctamente. Debe tomarlo lo antes posible, dentro de los 5 d\u00edas posteriores a haber mantenido relaciones sexuales. <\/p>\n<section>Efectos secundarios del levonorgestrel:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cambios menstruales<\/li>\n<li>Dolor de cabeza<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1useas y v\u00f3mitos<\/li>\n<li>Mareos<\/li>\n<li>Dolor en los senos<\/li>\n<li>Cansancio<\/li>\n<li>Dolor en la parte baja del abdomen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section>Efectos secundarios del ulipristal:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dolor de cabeza<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1useas<\/li>\n<li>Dolor abdominal<\/li>\n<li>Dolor menstrual<\/li>\n<li>Cansancio<\/li>\n<li>Mareos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<h3 id=\"091e9c5e80007763-7-27\">Aspectos a tener en cuenta al tomar p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Tenga a mano otra forma de anticoncepci\u00f3n, como espuma <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/sex\/birth-control\/birth-control-spermicides\" data-crosslink-type=\"article\" data-metrics-link=\"\">espermicida<\/a> y <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/sex\/rm-quiz-condoms\" data-crosslink-type=\"tools\" data-metrics-link=\"\">preservativos<\/a>, por si olvida tomar una p\u00edldora.<\/li>\n<li>Lleve las p\u00edldoras con usted si no siempre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/sleep-disorders\/sleep-disorders-faq\" data-crosslink-type=\"article\" data-metrics-link=\"\">duerme<\/a> en el mismo lugar.<\/li>\n<li>Tome su p\u00edldora a la misma hora todos los d\u00edas.<\/li>\n<li>Solicite sus reposiciones poco despu\u00e9s de empezar el \u00faltimo envase recetado. No espere hasta el \u00faltimo momento. <\/li>\n<li>Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas son medicamentos. Informe siempre a su m\u00e9dico o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/a-to-z-guides\/features\/pharmacists-they-do-more-than-fill-prescriptions\" data-crosslink-type=\"article\" data-metrics-link=\"\">farmac\u00e9utico<\/a> de que est\u00e1 tomando la p\u00edldora si acude a consulta por cualquier motivo. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurre con la p\u00edldora y las enfermedades de transmisi\u00f3n sexual (ETS)?<\/h3>\n<p>Los anticonceptivos orales NO ofrecen ninguna protecci\u00f3n frente a ninguna <a title=\"Infecciones de transmisi\u00f3n sexual (ETS e ITS) durante el embarazo\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/pregnancy\/stds-and-pregnancy\/\">enfermedad de transmisi\u00f3n sexual<\/a>, incluido el VIH.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.webmd.com\/dtmcms\/live\/webmd\/consumer_assets\/site_images\/article_thumbnails\/journeys\/journeys_types_of_birth_control_pills_infographic\/650x1038_journeys_types_of_birth_control_pills_infographic.jpg?resize=650:*\"><\/h4>\n<h4 class=\"citation-date\"><!--more--><strong>\u00bfDesea saber m\u00e1s?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/unplanned-pregnancy\/types-of-birth-control\/\">Tipos de anticonceptivos<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/unplanned-pregnancy\/birth-control-failure\/\">Fallo anticonceptivo<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/unplanned-pregnancy\/birth-control-patch\/\">Parche anticonceptivo<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Fuentes:<\/h4>\n<p>Mayo Clinic: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/healthy-lifestyle\/birth-control\/in-depth\/best-birth-control-pill\/art-20044807\">C\u00f3mo elegir una p\u00edldora anticonceptiva<\/a><\/p>\n<p>WebMD: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/sex\/birth-control\/birth-control-pills\">P\u00edldoras anticonceptivas<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas, tambi\u00e9n llamadas anticonceptivos orales, utilizan hormonas sint\u00e9ticas para prevenir el embarazo. \u00bfCu\u00e1les son los diferentes tipos de p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas? La minip\u00edldora contiene solo progest\u00e1geno. En cada envase, todas las p\u00edldoras contienen la misma cantidad de progest\u00e1geno y todas son activas. La dosis de progest\u00e1geno en una minip\u00edldora es menor que la dosis [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":83674,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7617,7656,8632],"tags":[],"faq-categories":[8401],"class_list":["post-83673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-unplanned-pregnancy","category-birth-control-pills-patches-and-devices","category-anticoncepcion","faq-categories-no-faq"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>P\u00edldoras anticonceptivas | American Pregnancy Association<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Las p\u00edldoras anticonceptivas o anticonceptivos orales utilizan hormonas sint\u00e9ticas para prevenir el embarazo. 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