{"id":83665,"date":"2018-06-07T20:38:31","date_gmt":"2018-06-08T02:38:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/uncategorized\/birth-control-failure\/"},"modified":"2026-05-15T07:43:33","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T13:43:33","slug":"birth-control-failure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/unplanned-pregnancy\/birth-control-failure\/","title":{"rendered":"Porcentajes de tasa de fallo de los anticonceptivos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Los diferentes m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos pueden ser muy eficaces para prevenir el embarazo, pero el fallo de los mismos es m\u00e1s com\u00fan de lo que la mayor\u00eda de la gente cree. Aqu\u00ed tiene una tabla que muestra los porcentajes de la tasa de fallo de los anticonceptivos, as\u00ed como los riesgos y efectos secundarios comunes. <\/p>\n

Tabla de fallos de los m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos<\/h2>\n

Tenga en cuenta que las tasas de fallo corresponden al uso medio<\/strong> del m\u00e9todo. El uso constante y correcto puede disminuir a\u00fan m\u00e1s las probabilidades. Para m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos hormonales espec\u00edficos, el riesgo de embarazo con un uso correcto debe figurar en las instrucciones o detalles. <\/p>\n

Al hablar de anticonceptivos hormonales, es importante considerar tanto la alta tasa de \u00e9xito como las preocupaciones \u00e9ticas del tercer mecanismo del anticonceptivo: alterar o adelgazar el revestimiento del \u00fatero para evitar la implantaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Dado que esto puede impedir que un embarazo ya iniciado contin\u00fae, se dice que tiene cualidades abortivas. Esta ser\u00e1 una acci\u00f3n de cualquiera de los m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos hormonales enumerados. <\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n se presentan breves explicaciones de c\u00f3mo funciona cada m\u00e9todo anticonceptivo, junto con los riesgos y efectos secundarios asociados a cada uno:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
M\u00e9todo<\/strong><\/td>\nC\u00f3mo se utiliza<\/strong><\/td>\nTasa de fallo<\/strong> (uso medio)<\/td>\nRiesgos y efectos secundarios<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Abstinencia<\/a><\/td>\nAusencia de relaciones sexuales y de cualquier tipo de contacto entre los \u00f3rganos sexuales masculinos y femeninos donde se puedan intercambiar fluidos corporales<\/td>\n0%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Capuch\u00f3n cervical<\/a><\/td>\nUna barrera de goma blanda que cubre el cuello uterino para
\nevitar que los espermatozoides entren en el \u00fatero<\/td>\n		12% (mayor despu\u00e9s del parto)<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios (a menos que haya alergia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Preservativo femenino<\/a><\/td>\nUna funda, a menudo de l\u00e1tex, que se introduce en el
\ncanal vaginal para bloquear el paso de los espermatozoides<\/td>\n		21%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios (a menos que haya alergia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Preservativo masculino<\/a><\/td>\nUna funda, a menudo de l\u00e1tex, que cubre el pene erecto para bloquear el paso de los espermatozoides<\/td>\n18%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios (a menos que haya alergia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Inyecci\u00f3n de Depo-Provera<\/a><\/td>\nInyecci\u00f3n de progestina que se administra cada 3 meses para prevenir la ovulaci\u00f3n, altera el moco cervical<\/a> para bloquear los espermatozoides y modifica el revestimiento del \u00fatero para evitar la implantaci\u00f3n de un \u00f3vulo fecundado<\/td>\n6%<\/td>\nCiclo menstrual irregular, ausente o m\u00e1s abundante de lo normal, aumento de peso, sensibilidad en los senos, depresi\u00f3n, hinchaz\u00f3n, dolor abdominal, dolores de cabeza, reacci\u00f3n al\u00e9rgica<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diafragma<\/a><\/td>\nUna c\u00fapula de goma blanda que cubre el cuello uterino para bloquear el paso de los espermatozoides.<\/td>\n12%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios (a menos que haya alergia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conocimiento de la fertilidad<\/a><\/td>\nUso del ciclo menstrual y otras herramientas para predecir la
\novulaci\u00f3n y abstenerse de mantener relaciones sexuales durante estos periodos f\u00e9rtiles previstos<\/td>\n		25%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Implante hormonal<\/a><\/td>\nUn peque\u00f1o implante del tama\u00f1o de una cerilla que se inserta en la parte superior del brazo y dura 3 a\u00f1os, liberando un suministro hormonal. Funciona de forma similar a la Depo-Provera.<\/td>\n0,05%<\/td>\nAusencia de periodo, manchado, sangrado ligero o abundante y prolongado; menstruaci\u00f3n dolorosa, acn\u00e9, aumento de peso, estado de \u00e1nimo deprimido; co\u00e1gulos de sangre, movimiento del implante, embarazo ect\u00f3pico, quistes ov\u00e1ricos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) de cobre<\/a><\/td>\nUn dispositivo que se inserta en el \u00fatero de la mujer (por un m\u00e9dico) para bloquear los espermatozoides y alterar el revestimiento del \u00fatero para evitar la implantaci\u00f3n de un \u00f3vulo fecundado<\/td>\n0,8%<\/td>\nEmbarazos ect\u00f3picos, aumento del sangrado durante el ciclo
\nmenstrual, calambres menstruales<\/a> severos, perforaci\u00f3n del \u00fatero, enfermedad inflamatoria p\u00e9lvica (EIP)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dispositivo intrauterino (DIU) de progestina<\/td>\n0,2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nada\/Azar<\/td>\nNing\u00fan m\u00e9todo anticonceptivo<\/td>\n85%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios; mayor probabilidad de embarazo no deseado<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Anticonceptivo oral<\/a>
\n(estr\u00f3geno\/progestina)<\/td>\n		Tomado diariamente por las mujeres para suprimir la ovulaci\u00f3n, alterar el moco cervical y modificar el revestimiento del \u00fatero para evitar la implantaci\u00f3n de un \u00f3vulo fecundado<\/td>\n9%<\/td>\nN\u00e1useas, dolores de cabeza, aumento de peso, depresi\u00f3n<\/a>, sangrado irregular, acn\u00e9, co\u00e1gulos de sangre
\n*Se aconseja a las mujeres fumadoras que no tomen anticonceptivos orales<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Anticonceptivo oral (solo
\nprogestina)<\/td>\n		Tomado diariamente por las mujeres para alterar el moco cervical con el fin de bloquear los espermatozoides y tambi\u00e9n modifica el revestimiento del \u00fatero para evitar la implantaci\u00f3n de un \u00f3vulo fecundado<\/td>\n9%<\/td>\nSensibilidad en los senos, aumento de peso, cambios en el ciclo menstrual
\n*Se aconseja a las mujeres fumadoras que no tomen anticonceptivos orales<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Parche Ortho-Evra<\/a><\/td>\nUn parche que contiene hormonas sint\u00e9ticas y se coloca sobre la piel; funciona igual que los anticonceptivos orales<\/td>\n9% (mayor si se superan los 90 kg)<\/td>\nSimilar a los anticonceptivos orales<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Espermicida (solo)<\/a><\/td>\nUna jalea, espuma o crema que contiene sustancias qu\u00edmicas que matan los espermatozoides<\/td>\n28%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios (a menos que haya alergia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Esponja<\/a><\/td>\nUna esponja de poliuretano blanda en forma de platillo que bloquea el cuello uterino y absorbe el semen<\/td>\n20% (40% despu\u00e9s del parto)<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios (a menos que haya alergia)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Esterilizaci\u00f3n femenina<\/td>\nUn procedimiento quir\u00fargico permanente para prevenir el embarazo: se da\u00f1a la trompa de Falopio (se corta, se liga o se quema) para impedir el paso de los \u00f3vulos y los espermatozoides<\/td>\n0,5%<\/td>\nSi una mujer concibe despu\u00e9s de un procedimiento de esterilizaci\u00f3n, existe riesgo de embarazos ect\u00f3picos. Cuanto menor sea la edad de la mujer en el momento del procedimiento, mayor ser\u00e1 el riesgo de embarazo despu\u00e9s de 10 a\u00f1os (hasta ~5%).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Esterilizaci\u00f3n masculina<\/td>\nUn procedimiento quir\u00fargico permanente para prevenir el embarazo: se da\u00f1a el conducto deferente (se corta, se liga o se quema) para impedir el paso de los espermatozoides al l\u00edquido eyaculado<\/td>\n0,15%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Anillo vaginal hormonal<\/a><\/td>\nUn anillo flexible que se coloca dentro de la vagina, cerca del cuello uterino. Activo durante 3 semanas. Tiene acciones similares a las de los anticonceptivos orales. <\/td>\n9%<\/td>\nCo\u00e1gulos de sangre, problemas de h\u00edgado o ves\u00edcula biliar, s\u00edndrome de choque t\u00f3xico (SCT), estado de \u00e1nimo deprimido, acn\u00e9, dolor de cabeza, aumento de peso, n\u00e1useas\/v\u00f3mitos, movimiento del anillo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coito interrumpido<\/a><\/td>\nRetirada del pene antes de la eyaculaci\u00f3n<\/td>\n22%<\/td>\nSin efectos secundarios<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

1. Centros para el Control y la Prevenci\u00f3n de Enfermedades: Salud reproductiva.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/reproductivehealth\/contraception\/index.htm<\/a><\/p>\n

2. Centros para el Control y la Prevenci\u00f3n de Enfermedades: Salud reproductiva “Implantes”.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/reproductivehealth\/contraception\/mmwr\/spr\/implants.html<\/a><\/p>\n

3. Mayo Clinic: Depo-Provera (inyecci\u00f3n anticonceptiva).<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/tests-procedures\/depo-provera\/about\/pac-20392204<\/a><\/p>\n

4. Nexplanon: Efectos secundarios.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.nexplanon.com\/side-effects\/<\/a><\/p>\n

5. Nuva Ring: Riesgos y efectos secundarios.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.nuvaring.com\/risks-side-effects\/<\/a><\/p>\n

6. Centro M\u00e9dico de la Universidad de Pittsburgh (UPMC): Ligadura de trompas.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.upmc.com\/patients-visitors\/education\/contraception\/Pages\/tubal-ligation.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Los diferentes m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos pueden ser muy eficaces para prevenir el embarazo, pero el fallo de los mismos es m\u00e1s com\u00fan de lo que la mayor\u00eda de la gente cree. Aqu\u00ed tiene una tabla que muestra los porcentajes de la tasa de fallo de los anticonceptivos, as\u00ed como los riesgos y efectos secundarios comunes. Tabla […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":83666,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7617,7656,8632],"tags":[],"faq-categories":[8401],"class_list":["post-83665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-unplanned-pregnancy","category-birth-control-pills-patches-and-devices","category-anticoncepcion","faq-categories-no-faq"],"yoast_head":"\nTasas de fallo de los m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos | American Pregnancy Association<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El fallo de los m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos es m\u00e1s com\u00fan de lo que la mayor\u00eda de la gente cree. Nuestra tabla de anticonceptivos muestra los porcentajes de fallo de cada m\u00e9todo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/americanpregnancy.org\/es\/unplanned-pregnancy\/birth-control-failure\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Porcentajes de tasa de fallo de los anticonceptivos\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El fallo de los m\u00e9todos anticonceptivos es m\u00e1s com\u00fan de lo que la mayor\u00eda de la gente cree. 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