Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD)

Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD): Causas y Diagnóstico

Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD) se produce cuando la cabeza o el cuerpo de un bebé es demasiado grande para pasar por la pelvis de la madre. Se cree que la verdadera CPD es raro, pero muchos casos de “falta de progreso” durante el parto se les da un diagnóstico de la CPD. Cuando un exacto diagnóstico de CPD se ha hecho, el tipo más seguro de la entrega para la madre y el bebé es una cesárea.

¿Qué Causa Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD)?

Las posibles causas de la Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD) incluyen:

Bebé grande debido a:
- Los factores hereditarios
- Diabetes
- Posmadurez (todavía está embarazada después de la fecha de vencimiento ha pasado)
- Multiparidad (no el primer embarazo)
Las posiciones fetales anormales
Pelvis pequeños
Pelvis en forma anormalmente

¿Cómo se diagnostica la Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD)?

El diagnóstico de desproporción céfalo-pélvica se utiliza a menudo cuando el progreso del trabajo no es suficiente y el tratamiento médico como el uso de oxitocina no tiene éxito o no tratado. CPD rara vez se puede diagnosticar antes de que comience el parto si el bebé se piensa que es grande o la pelvis de la madre es conocido por ser pequeña.
Durante el parto, moldes de la cabeza del bebé y las articulaciones de la pelvis propagan, creando más espacio para que el bebé pase a través de la pelvis.
La ecografía se utiliza para estimar el tamaño del feto, pero no totalmente fiable para determinar el peso fetal. Un examen físico que mide tamaño de la pelvis a menudo puede ser el método más preciso para el diagnóstico de CPD. Si un verdadero diagnóstico de la CPD no se puede hacer, la oxitocina se administra a menudo para ayudar a la progresión del trabajo de parto. Alternativamente, se cambia la posición fetal.

¿Qué pasa con los futuros embarazos?

Desproporción céfalo-pélvica es raro. Según el Colegio Americano de Enfermeras Parteras (ACNM), CPD se produce en 1 de cada 250 embarazos. Si usted ha sido diagnosticado con la CPD, esto no significa que va a tener este problema en futuras entregas.
De acuerdo con un estudio publicado por la revista American Journal of Public Health, más del 65% de las mujeres que habían sido diagnosticadas con la CPD en embarazos anteriores fueron capaces de tener un parto vaginal en embarazos posteriores.

Compilado utilizando la información de las siguientes fuentes:
Danforth’s Obstetrics and Gynecology Ninth Ed. Scott, James R., et al, Ch. 22.
American College of Nurse-Midwives, https://www.acnm.org/

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Desproporción Cefalopélvica (CPD)